Biodiversity and Environment Management (BEM) research theme focuses on development of technologies for: rehabilitation and sustainable management of natural forests and woodlands including water towers, wetland and riparian ecosystems; mitigation and adaptation to climate change; biodiversity conservation; and improved livelihoods.

The theme addresses challenges facing forestry through the following sub-themes:

* Forest rehabilitation and restoration
* Wetlands and riparian ecosystem management
* Forest hydrology
* Climate change research
* Sustainable management of natural forests and woodlands
* Management of invasive tree species
* Soil and water management